Joseph E. Sabol contributed to a body of work on the physical properties of magnetite Fe3O4

Project Overview

For refereed publications, see ORCID ID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8556-4774

The effect of doping on global lattice properties of magnetite Fe3−xMxO4, (M = Zn, Ti and Al). Z. Kakol, D. Owoc, J. Przewoźnik, M. Sikora, C. Kapusta, D. Zajac, A. Kozlowski, J.E. Sabol, J.M. Honig. Journal of Solid State Chemistry 192 120–126 (2012). JSSC

Magnetic AC susceptibility of stoichiometric and low zinc doped magnetite single crystals. M. Balanda, A. Wiechec, D. Kim, Z. Kakol, A. Kozlowski, P. Niedziela, J. Sabol, Z. Tarnawski and J.M. Honig. European Physical Journal: Solid and Condensed State Physics 43B, 201 (2005). EPJ

Magnetic AC susceptibility of stoichiometric and low zinc doped magnetite single crystals. M. Balanda, A. Wiechec, D. Kim, Z. Kakol, A. Kozlowski, P. Niedziela, J. Sabol, Z. Tarnawski, J. M. Honig, Physics of Condensed Matter 12/2004; 43(2):201-212.

Powder neutron diffraction studies of Zn-doped magnetite. A. Kozlowski, Z. Kakol, R. Zalecki, K. S. Knight, J. Sabol, and J. M. Honig. Journal of Physics: Condensed Matter 11, 2749 (04/1999). JoP:CM

Influence of titanium doping on the magnetocrystalline anisotropy of magnetite. Z. Kakol, J. Sabol, J. Stickler, A. Kozlowski, and J. M. Honig. Physical Review B49(18), 12767-12772 (06/1994). PRB

Cation Distribution in Fe3(1−δ)O4 and Fe3−xMxO4, M = Ti, Zn, Al. Z. Kakol, A. Kozlowski, J. Sabol, P. Metcalf, and J. M. Honig. Acta Physica Polonica A85, 223 (1994).

Electrical conduction in single-crystal Fe 3−yTiyO4 (0 < y < 0.9). A. Kozlowski, R. Rasmussen, J. Sabol, P. Metcalf, and J. M. Honig. Physical Review B48(4), 2057-2062 (08/1993). PRB

Effect of low-level titanium(IV) doping on the resistivity of magnetite near the Verwey transition. Z. Kakol, J. Sabol, J. Stickler, and J. M. Honig. Physical Review B46(4), 1975-1978 (08/1992). PRB

Magnetic anisotropy of titanomagnetites, Fe3−xTixO4 (0 < x < 0.55). Z. Kakol, J. Sabol, and J. M. Honig. Physical Review B44(5), 2198-2204 (09/1991). PRB

Magnetic properties of titanomagnetites, Fe3−xTixO4 (0 < x < 1). Z. Kakol, J. Sabol, and J. M. Honig. Journal of Applied Physics 69, 4822 (05/1991). JAP

Cation Distribution and Magnetic Properties of Titanomagnetites, Fe 3−xTixO4 (0 < x < 1). Z. Kakol, J. Sabol, and J. M. Honig. Physical Review B43(1), 649-654 (02/1991).

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Details on 1) indoor air quality, 2) methane, 3) carbon dioxide, 4) misleading information, and 5) SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 Resources.

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Details below on 1) indoor air quality, 2) methane, 3) carbon dioxide, 4) misleading information, and 5) SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 Resources.

1) Indoor Air Quality

Ensure the ventilation on trains and busses is operating. Carbon dioxide should not exceed 1,000 ppm CO2 except for brief periods. Outside fresh air is 423 ppm CO2. Increase air exchange and use MERV 13 filters.

2) Methane

The current global market value of methane (natural gas) is $105 billion and is projected to grow at least 5% per year. Methane is second in terms of contribution to the greenhouse gas inventory, between carbon dioxide and nitrous oxide, and accounting for about 30% of the global warming since the industrial revolution; the atmospheric concentration of methane is increasing faster than at any time since record keeping began in the 1980s. Methane’s savior is its mean atmospheric lifetime of about ten years, providing a near-term opportunity to mitigate its atmospheric concentration, the imbalance between natural sources and sinks.

“Based on average natural gas prices from 2017 to 2021, we estimate that around 40% of methane emissions from oil and gas operations could be avoided at no net cost because the outlays for the abatement measures are less than the market value of the additional gas that is captured. Based on the record gas prices seen around the world in 2022, we estimate that about 80% of the options to reduce emissions from oil and gas operations worldwide could be implemented at no net cost. Around USD 100 billion in investment is required to 2030 to deploy all methane abatement measures in the oil and gas sector. This is less than 3% of the net income received by the oil and gas industry in 2022.”

https://www.iea.org/reports/global-methane-tracker-2023/overview

3) Carbon Dioxide

Globally, approximately 50 billion tonnes (50 Gt) of greenhouse gases, as measured in carbon dioxide equivalents, are emitted directly into the atmosphere each year. Energy use (electricity, heat and transport) accounts for 73.2%, direct industrial processes 5.2%, waste 3.2%, and agriculture, forestry and land use 18.4%.

4) Coping with Misleading Information

Information flows to us via many channels. Misleading information is more than an inconvenience, it can create chaos and delay or prevent decisions in public health, environmental action, and the market. Scientific literature enjoys longstanding guardrails to publish peer-reviewed reports and issue retractions when warranted. The popular press and social media proffer in real time and mis- and dis-information can spread like wildfire; if unchallenged, societal polarization can increase and confidence in public institutions can erode. We need to help society understand complex social and technical issues. Frame your activities around who is creating the content, who is amplifying the content, and who is affected by the content.

5) SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19

The coronavirus is airborne, an aerosol. Filters, masks, and vaccines help stop spreading.

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Magnetite Fe3O4 - North America

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Details on 1) indoor air quality, 2) methane, 3) carbon dioxide, 4) misleading information, and 5) SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 Resources.

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